Common Problems and Pests of Popular Garden Vegetables

Many Kentucky gardeners grow tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, and potatoes for their own use or for sale in local farmer’s markets. Pests are sometimes challenging to identify and even more challenging to manage.  

The University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment advocates for a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks. A key part of that is to continually scout and monitor your garden to identify problems before they result in a significant loss. 

Photo by Markus Spiske on Pexels.com

The UK Cooperative Extension publication ID172—An IPM Scouting Guide for Common Pests of Solanaceous Crops in Kentucky—may help you identify common pests. The publication has a variety of photographs that show exactly what to look for in your crop.  

Some of the items the publication covers include: 

  1. Physiological and nutrient disorders such as vivipary, gold fleck, catfacing, zippering, sunscald, blossom end rot, blotchy ripening, yellow shoulder, and white core. 
  2. Insect pests such as aphids, leafminer, greenhouse whitefly, silverleaf whitefly, tobacco flea beetle, potato flea beetle, margined blister beetle, stink bugs, leaf-footed bugs, western flower thrips, two-spotted spider mites, Colorado potato beetle, tobacco hornworm, pepper maggot, beet armyworm, yellow-stripped armyworm, tomato fruitworm, European corn borer.  
  3. Tomato, pepper, eggplant, and potato diseases and management.  
  4. Herbicide injury.  
  5. A list of resources for further study.  

    To view the publication, visit http://www2.ca.uky.edu/agc/pubs/id/id172/id172.pdf.  
     

    Source: Ric Bessin, UK Extension Entomologist, Nicole Gauthier, UK Extension Plant Pathologist 

October is Garlic Planting Time

With ghosts, goblins, and vampires on the prowl in October, it’s the perfect time to plant your garlic for next spring. Garlic has long been viewed as a way to ward off vampires, according to European folklore. Whether that is fact or fiction, one thing is for sure, October is the time to plant garlic. Planting in the fall produces larger bulbs and more complex flavors. Garlic enhances food recipes and is seen as a traditional medicine in some cultures.  

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Soil Testing

Soil testing is a soil-management tool we use to determine the fertility of soil as well as the optimum lime and fertilizer requirements for crops. Fall is the best time of year to test your soil. Most nutrients take some time to break down and become available to the plant. If you give them all winter to break down, by the time you are ready to plant in the spring, the plants can better take up the nutrients.

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Garden Cover Crops

On Wednesday, September 14, Horticulture Webinar Wednesdays welcomes Amanda Sears, Madison County Horticulture Agent, who will present Garden Cover Crops. The webinar begins at 12:30 pm EST/ 11:30 am CST.

Register for the meeting here.

See what other webinars are coming this season here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-three/


View Season Two webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-two/
View Season One webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-one/

Propagating Plants by Seeds

Let’s get one thing straight before we start.  Asexual propagation deals with starting plants by things other than seeds such as cuttings.  Sexual propagation, of course, then deals with propagating plants by sowing seeds.   This article will deal with my techniques for sowing seeds for my small backyard garden.

When I lived in Illinois, years ago, I had an acre truck garden, which I used for being a test gardener for the Horticulture magazine.  At that time I would receive over three dozen seed catalogs in December.  Now that I live in a subdivision with only limited space, and five raised vegetable beds, I only receive about ten or twelve catalogs.  I start my first seeds the last week of January so the catalogs must arrive in time for me to order and receive my seeds before that time.  The seeds will usually arrive just in time to make my schedule.

Once my seeds arrive, I divide them into stacks according to the seed planting dates.  The first stack for the last week of January are the teeny tiny seeds that take forever to reach transplanting size seedlings.  Tomatoes and sweet peppers are sown the first week of February, normal size seeds are planted the second week and the large seeds of sunflowers, etc. are planted the first week of March.  This is much earlier than most gardeners because I have the equipment to cover my plants if we have a late frost.  You probably have your own dates that you have had experience with over the years. 

Photo by RODNAE Productions on Pexels.com

I have started seeds in many different ways, from window sills to fluorescent lights in my basement, to cold frames to greenhouses.  The greenhouse would seem to be the best process but I don’t like keeping my greenhouse that warm in the winter.  Yes, I live in town and still have a 10 x 12-foot greenhouse.  Seeds will not germinate very well in cool temperatures.  I use my greenhouse to overwinter pots until the seedlings can be moved there.  The pots and trays then go into my heated garage under fluorescent lights.

Where do I start my seeds?  Why of course on my formal dining table!!  I put down plastic and then old towels to keep the moisture from ruining my table.  I plant most of my plants in old Tupperware containers with holes drilled in the bottom.  They come with lids to cover the seeds and keep them moist until they germinate.  They are perfect for this and by far my favorite.

Once they germinate, the lids come off and they go under two four-foot florescent lights that are also on the table.  The lights are on top of stacks of gardening books that are kept just a couple of inches higher than the plants.  As soon as the first real leaves come on, I transplant the seedlings to their own cell pack.  These can stay on the table until I run out of room and then they go to the greenhouse. 

By keeping the constant 70 to 75 degrees temperature I get almost 100 percent germination.  By watching the color of the potting mix I can tell when it is time to bottom water the containers in garden plant trays.  I use seed starting mix for the smaller seeds and potting mix for the larger seeds.  For the tomatoes and peppers, I use two of those Parks seed starting trays and transplant them to cell packs as quickly as possible. 

Oh, by the way, did I mention how convenient it is to use my dining room and it is extremely easy to spot any problems before they even happen.  You might try some of these suggestions.  I have dozens of YouTube videos on almost any garden plant known.  Just type in Bud Qualk in the YouTube search window and many of my shows will come up.  There should even be one on propagation.

Source: Bud Qualk, McCracken County Master Gardener

Deer Management in Gardens

On Wednesday, July 27, the Horticulture Webinar Wednesdays presents a training on Deer Management in Gardens with Matt Springer, UK Wildlife Specialist. The webinar begins at 12:30 pm EST/ 11:30 am CST.

Register for the meeting here.

See what other webinars are coming this season here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-three/


View Season Two webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-two/
View Season One webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-one/

Drip Irrigation for Small Backyard Gardens

On Wednesday, May 25, the Horticulture Webinar Wednesdays presents a training on Drip Irrigation for Small Backyard Gardens with Faye Kuosman, UK Horticulture Agent for Woodford County. The webinar begins at 12:30 pm EST/ 11:30 am CST.

Register for the meeting here: https://tinyurl.com/22MAYHWW

See what other webinars are coming this season here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-three/


View Season Two webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-two/
View Season One webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-one/

How to Grow: Luffa Gourds

On Wednesday, May 18, the Horticulture Webinar Wednesdays presents a training on How to Grow: Luffa Gourds with Beth Wilson, UK Horticutlure Agent for Pulaski County. The webinar begins at 12:30 pm EST/ 11:30 am CST.

Register for the meeting here: https://tinyurl.com/22MAYHWW

See what other webinars are coming this season here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-three/


View Season Two webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-two/
View Season One webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-one/

How to Water Your Garden Using Rainbarrels

On Wednesday, May 4, the Horticulture Webinar Wednesdays presents a training on Watering Your Garden with Rain Barrels with Dr. Rachel Rudolph, UK Horticulture Specialist. The webinar begins at 12:30 pm EST/ 11:30 am CST.

Register for the meeting here: https://tinyurl.com/22MAYHWW

See what other webinars are coming this season here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-three/


View Season Two webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-two/
View Season One webinars here: https://kentuckyhortnews.com/horticulture-webinar-wednesdays/season-one/